• NOXA a BH only protein is best known

  2025-01-04

  

  NOXA, a BH3-only protein, is best known as a selective inhibitor of MCL-1, which is a highly expressed pro-survival protein in many human malignancies [30]. In addition, NOXA was recently proven to act as a direct activator via directly binding to BAX to induce apoptosis [31]. Given that its levels

• Inactivation of autophagy can also impact the surface intern

  2025-01-04

  

  Inactivation of autophagy can also impact the surface internalization of MHC I molecules, leading to increased antigen presentation. Inactivation of autophagy factors Atg5 and Atg7 in DCs causes elevation of MHC I surface levels by decreasing endocytosis due to a poor recruitment of adaptor-associat

• Here we investigate the ATM to ATR switch

  2025-01-04

  

  Here, we investigate the ATM to ATR switch in normal human fibroblasts (82-6 cells) after irradiation with γ-rays, or high LET 56Fe and 28Si and moderate LET 16O particles. Our data provide important evidence of LET dependence on the transition of ATM to ATR as well as end resection at the sites of

• Our results clearly demonstrate that inhibition of ATM pathw

  2025-01-04

  

  Our results clearly demonstrate that inhibition of ATM pathway activation results in resistance to Vγ2Vδ2 T cell-mediated cell death. Therefore, enhancing ATM activation along with Vγ2Vδ2 T cell treatment would promote the cytotoxicity of resistant ovarian cancer cells. To our knowledge, this is the

• br Conclusions In summary the present results showed that

  2025-01-04

  

  Conclusions In summary, the present results showed that ageing diminished arginase activity only in clearance tissues and that l-arginine supplementation did not induce major changes in arginase activity thus refuting a role of arginase in the potential deleterious effects of l-arginine suppleme

• Introduction Cytochrome P CYP aromatase catalyzes the

  2025-01-04

  

  Introduction Cytochrome P450 19 (CYP19; aromatase) catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens in a three-reaction sequence, where each step depends on NADPH and O2 [[1], [2], [3]]. The first two steps are accepted to be hydroxylations of the steroid C19 methyl group, whereas the final step

• br Conflicts of interest br

  2025-01-04

  

  Conflicts of interest Introduction Arginase catalyzes the reaction in which l-arginine is converted to l-ornithine and urea. In humans, two arginase isoenzymes have been identified, arginase 1 and arginase 2, that differ in cellular location and tissue distribution [1]. Both arginase enzymes a

• br Genetic analysis of polarity complexes

  2025-01-04

  

  Genetic analysis of polarity complexes Model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster provide useful means of describing basic biological processes. They lend themselves particularly well to addressing some of the questions arising in this field because of their struct

• cmk br Experimental section br Acknowledgment

  2025-01-04

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgment S.B.T. is grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) for generous research support. M.M. greatly acknowledges the experimental support and the scientific cont

• NS3694 mg br Emerging Vascular Mechanisms of

  2025-01-04

  

  Emerging Vascular Mechanisms of AA Therapy Resistance Experimental and clinical evidence indicates that physiological angiogenesis generates blood vessels capable of restoring perfusion [1], whereas tumoral angiogenesis gives rise to vessels that are structurally and functionally abnormal, therei

• The current antifungal pipeline contains several categories

  2025-01-04

  

  The current antifungal pipeline contains several categories of compounds at different stages of development [1], [9], [10], [96]. In Table 1 we summarize the most promising antifungal molecules that are in preclinical and in clinical development. Several compounds in the pipeline are derivatives of

• br Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives The collective

  2025-01-03

  

  Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives The collective evidence from studies detailing the functions of AMPK in the neuromuscular system, combined with those in DMD, SMA, and DM1 surveyed in the present review, strongly suggests that AMPK is a central mediator of neuromuscular determination, m

• Sixth significant progress has been made during the last

  2025-01-03

  

  Sixth, significant progress has been made during the last few years regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of AMPK and this should aid to develop more potent and specific compounds. Information from crystallographic structures combined with computer-based drug design hold promi

• ursolic acid br Conclusion br Acknowledgement This study was

  2025-01-03

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgement This study was supported by NIH/NINDSR01 NS036812-16. Introduction Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a heterogeneous family of enzymes that catalyze the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). By oxidizing free PUFAs, they were shown to contribute to the gene

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2025-01-03

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Several major signaling and developmental pathways (e.g. EGFR, ALK, KRAS, TGFβ, Notch and Wnt/β-catenin) have been shown to be involved in lung carcinogenesis and they are being exploited as targets of the non-small cell lung cancer therapy (for revi

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