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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Galanin shows
2021-10-15

Acknowledgements Introduction Galanin shows widespread distribution in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) as well as in the immune, endocrine and endothelial vascular systems (Lang et al., 2007). Galanin controls diverse physiological processes such as arousal
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The conversion of lactose to GOS by gal involves the
2021-10-15

The conversion of lactose to GOS by β-gal involves the same transglycosylation mechanism used by most glycoside hydrolases (GHs). This mechanism (Fig. 1) involves an enzyme-bound intermediate and consists of two processes: glycosylation and deglycosylation (Adlercreutz, 2017). The glycosylation proc
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A majority of aptamer based biosensors termed aptasensors is
2021-10-15

A majority of aptamer-based biosensors (termed aptasensors) is based on structure-switching process of aptamer probes upon target binding [[12], [13], [14], [15]]. And canonical structure-switching aptamer probes are strand-displacement aptamer probes, aptamer beacons and split aptamers [[16], [17],
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chemokine receptor Preliminary explorations focused on the
2021-10-15

Preliminary explorations focused on the linker of 2 (Table 1). Lilly reported that the methylene between the phenyl and the piperidyl group was metabolically susceptible to N-dealkylation, so we replaced the methylene with a carbonyl moiety to block the metabolic site [23,48] (Fig. 2). In addition,
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Histamine H and H receptor expression is altered in
2021-10-15

Histamine H2 and H3 receptor expression is altered in the rotenone of Hdc mice (Chepkova et al, 2012, Fitzsimons and et al, 2001). Because these mice lack HA, expression of HA receptors might be thought to be irrelevant. This is not the case in Hdc heterozygotes, however, or in patients with a hete
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br Conclusion br Acknowledgments This research was
2021-10-15

Conclusion Acknowledgments This research was funded by Tianjin Health Institution Key Projects, grant number 15KG148” and “Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Youth Incubation Fund, grant number ZYYFY2017029”. I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor Hongtao Zhang fo
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Different crystal structures of both HOs
2021-10-15

Different crystal structures of both HOs were reported and showed that the three-dimensional structures of proteins (HO-1: PDB code 1N45, HO-2: PDB code 2QPP) are predominantly in an α-helical conformation, with the heme packed between two helices (distal and proximal), and present a remarkable stru
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The second class of proteins necessary for
2021-10-15

The second class of proteins necessary for maintaining pitavastatin dynamics is chromatin modifiers, which are considered ‘writers’ and ‘erasers’ and are responsible for modifications of histone N-terminal tails. These post-translational modifications can have direct or indirect effects on chromati
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br Conclusion br Conflict of interest
2021-10-15

Conclusion Conflict of interest References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements Introduction Free fatty acids (FFAs) are essential nutrients that contribute to various cellular functio
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Lactate LA the end product of aerobic glycolysis has
2021-10-15

Lactate (LA), the end product of aerobic glycolysis, has been long neglected and seen as a byproduct until recently the findings for its important role in global gene transcription, cancer progression, functional polarisation of immune pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor and the sustenance of s
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br Experimental br Acknowledgments The authors are grateful
2021-10-15

Experimental Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Fundamental Scientific Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2016ZX350030) for financial support. Introduction 2-Lysophosphatidylcholines (1-acyl-glycero-3-phosphocholines, 2-LPC) are blood derived factors involve
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Based on our finding that TFA
2021-10-15

Based on our finding that TFA modulates GlyR function and reports that TFA-bound Digoxin can differ markedly from those synthesized without TFA, we retested a previously published dodecapeptide (D12-116) that also enhanced GlyR function but this time as a chloride salt (Tipps et al., 2010). No diff
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Functional studies based on patch clamp electrophysiology pr
2021-10-15

Functional studies based on patch-clamp electrophysiology provide additional information on the active state of GlyR α1. Current-voltage measurements from single ABT in outside-out patches at symmetric 145-mM chloride concentration yielded a unitary conductance of 86 pS for the main open state and a
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Na K ATPase adenosine triphosphate ATP and
2021-10-15

Na+/K+-ATPase, Doxycycline HCl and astrocytic glutamate transporters act together to maintain sodium and potassium gradients and the proper activities of EAAT1 and EAAT2 (Rose et al., 2009; Sheean et al., 2013); nevertheless, in present study, Na+/K+-ATPase activity was shown to be increased as fro
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br Disclosure br Ghrelin System The
2021-10-15

Disclosure Ghrelin System The existence of the ghrelin system has been demonstrated in many species through a variety of biochemical, anatomical, and genetic studies. It is a complex and intricate regulatory system comprised of several peptides, including mature ghrelin and its derivative des-
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