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In the mammalian brain synapse formation is followed by a
2023-09-11

In the mammalian brain, synapse formation is followed by a period of synapse refinement, and autophagy has been shown to play an important role in this process. For example, Tang and colleagues found that autophagy is required for the developmental pruning of dendritic spines, and that this pruning
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The combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors with standard ch
2023-09-11

The combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors with standard chemotherapeutics or radiotherapeutics are currently in progress, such as AZD1152 plus radiotherapy in various solid cancer models. In addition, Azzariti et al. found that AZD1152-HQPA enhanced oxaliplatin and gemcitabine effectiveness in the
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Several genes related to metabolism post
2023-09-11

Several genes related to metabolism, post-transcriptional regulation, chromatin structure, and signaling pathways are required for the sexual development and virulence of G. zeae (Baldwin et al., 2010, Bluhm et al., 2007, Ding et al., 2009, Han et al., 2007, Hou et al., 2002, Jenczmionka et al., 200
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Mass spectrometry Matrix assisted laser desorption
2023-09-11

Mass spectrometry. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS experiment was performed in linear and positive-ion mode on a DE-STR instrument equipped with a nitrogen laser (PE Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Each spectrum was calibrated in the default mode in which 0.1%
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br Under normal physiological conditions the agonist binds
2023-09-09

Under normal physiological conditions, the agonist binds to AT1R on the surface of the plasma membrane and activates the receptor, mediating downstream signaling. Then, activated AT1R is phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) [13] or G protein coupled receptor kinases (GPKs, such as GRK2 [13], G
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AMPK is a cellular energy sensor
2023-09-09

AMPK is a cellular energy sensor that is phosphorylated in response to high intracellular ADP levels to increase GLUT4 translocation into the cell, and subsequently, increase intracellular glucose levels to provide substrate to replenish ATP levels [25]. In metabolic syndrome, sequestration of plasm
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Although AMPK is a negative regulator
2023-09-09

Although AMPK is a negative regulator of bioenergetic reprogramming in cancer cells, little is known about the role of AMPK in immunometabolism in sepsis. Our current study indicates that AMPKα dysfunction enhances PKM2-dependent aerobic glycolysis, which results in HMGB1 release in macrophages and
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br Polymorphic variation ERAP is polymorphic
2023-09-09

Polymorphic variation ERAP1 is polymorphic and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in its gene that encode amino LDN-212854 changes have been associated with predisposition to a variety of diseases, ranging from viral infections to cancer and autoimmunity (Alvarez-Navarro and Lopez de
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br Pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease
2023-09-09

Pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease Alzheimer disease is characterized by severe neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and progressive loss of cognitive abilities. The diagnostic criteria for dementia released by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association define dementia as the deve
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550 24 AKT has been shown to be important for G
2023-09-09

AKT1 has been shown to be important for G1-S checkpoint transition and proliferation, whereas AKT2 regulates cell-cycle exit through its interaction with p21 (Héron-Milhavet et al., 2006). In a recent study in triple negative breast cancer, AKT3, rather than AKT1 activity was most important for cell
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br Methods br Results br Discussion br Acknowledgements br
2023-09-09

Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [Grant R21 NS081429], a Pilot Grant from the Vanderbilt Conte Center supported by the National Institutes of Health [Grant P50 M096972], and by the Department of Anesthesiology at V
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Adenosine receptors are proposed to play proangiogenic
2023-09-09

Adenosine receptors are proposed to play proangiogenic role in vascular and immune Betamethasone Dipropionate australia within microenvironment of hypoxic tissues to maintain tissue oxygenation in chronic ischemic condition [9]. Adenosine also stimulates the production of angiopoetin-1, VEGF and In
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Ursodiol If overexpression of ADK is sufficient
2023-09-09

If overexpression of ADK is sufficient to induce spontaneous seizures, then reduction of ADK in engineered mice should prevent epileptogenesis. The generation of mice with moderately reduced levels of ADK in brain rather than complete ADK deficiency seems to be essential, since several lines of evid
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Epithelial mesenchymal transition EMT is
2023-09-09

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the process by which epithelial cells are trans-differentiated into motile mesenchymal cells. During EMT, epithelial cells reorganize their cortical nrf2 keap1 cytoskeleton, lose their junctions and apical-basal polarity, change cell shape, and reprogram ge
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To understand the kinase selectivity profile
2023-09-09

To understand the kinase selectivity profile of this series, Lithium Citrate , as a representative analog from this series, was profiled against 216 purified protein kinases representing the tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase families using an in-house Caliper EZ Reader mobility shift assay. Assay
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